Cathepsin D
CTSDproteinCathepsin D degrades extracellular-matrix proteins in atherosclerotic plaques and mediates macrophage apoptosis post-MI, influencing plaque stability and myocardial remodeling.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepFibrous-cap degradation & rupture
Confidencehigh
RationaleMatrix protease; atherosclerosis progression marker; expressed in macrophages and contributes to fibrous-cap degradation.
Also acts inVascular inflammation, Myocardial injury
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates0
Small-molecule tractableYes
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000117984
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresLow-confidence (proxy)
R — rupture / Type-I37
C — confounder / Type-II69
A — assay feasibility68
E — evidence strength26
T1DI (composite)6
Specificity differential (R−C)-32
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
No confounder evidence retrieved.
Tier: light (literature co-occurrence proxy — lower confidence). See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)
Literature evidence(6)
- Plasma Protein Profile Associated With a Family History of Early-Onset Coronary Heart Disease.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2025 · PMID 41200820 · doi
- A combined analysis of bulk RNA-seq and scRNA-seq was performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms associated with the occurrence of myocardial infarction.BMC genomics · 2024 · PMID 39363266 · doi
- Identification of monocyte-associated genes as predictive biomarkers of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.BMC medical genomics · 2021 · PMID 33563285 · doi
- Lysophospholipids as Predictive Markers of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) and Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI).Metabolites · 2020 · PMID 33396480 · doi
- Extracellular matrix proteomics identifies molecular signature of symptomatic carotid plaques.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2017 · PMID 28319050 · doi
- Quest for novel cardiovascular biomarkers by proteomic analysis.Journal of proteome research · 2005 · PMID 16083268 · doi