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Platelet Factor 4
Pathway / Platelet adhesion & activation

Platelet Factor 4

PF4protein

PF4 is released upon platelet activation and serves as an early biomarker of platelet recruitment and thrombus formation in Type 1 MI.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepPlatelet adhesion & activation
Confidencehigh
RationaleAlpha-granule release marker; platelet activation in AMI and STEMI; s5 anchor.
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates0
Small-molecule tractableYes
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000163737

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresType-II-associated
R — rupture / Type-I
0
C — confounder / Type-II
67
A — assay feasibility
68
E — evidence strength
42
T1DI (composite)
5
Specificity differential (R−C)-66.7
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 2
2anemia / acute blood lossmag 2
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmian/a
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencyn/a
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 4/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 15 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)

Literature evidence(32)