Phosphatidylserine
lipidPhosphatidylserine exposure on activated platelets and microparticles promotes platelet aggregation and thrombin generation.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepPlatelet adhesion & activation
Confidencemedium
RationalePS externalization on platelets and microparticles drives coagulation and thrombotic activation.
Also acts inCoagulation / thrombus, Myocardial injury
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresType-II-associated
R — rupture / Type-I—
C — confounder / Type-II76
A — assay feasibility40
E — evidence strength48
T1DI (composite)4
Specificity differential (R−C)-61
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 3
2anemia / acute blood lossmag 3
3hypovolemia / dehydrationmag 2
4tachyarrhythmiamag 3
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencymag 1
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 7/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 21 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma (EDTA to limit oxidation)
Collection tube
K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top) · Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST)
Method / principle
LC-MS/MS lipidomics (targeted or shotgun)
Reagent / substrate
Deuterated lipid-class internal standards; MS/MS transitions
Platform
LC-MS/MS
Turnaround · availability
Research · Research-only
Literature evidence(14)
- Bioactive lipids in plasma and atherogenic apoB-containing lipoproteins: Effects of statins and PCSK9 inhibitors and relevance to residual cardiovascular risk.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026 · PMID 42162924 · doi
- Spatial Metabolomics Reveals GLA-Mediated Imbalance of GalCer/GalCer as a Therapeutic Target in Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026 · PMID 41460520 · doi
- Key markers and detection methods for evaluating platelet dysfunction in mechanical circulatory support devices.Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs · 2025 · PMID 40730707 · doi
- Thrombin Generation Is Associated With Extracellular Vesicle and Leukocyte Lipid Membranes in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024 · PMID 39087349 · doi
- Alterations in platelet proteome signature and impaired platelet integrin αβactivation in patients with COVID-19.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2023 · PMID 36716966 · doi
- Diagnostic utility of flow cytometry based coated-platelets assay as a biomarker to predict thrombotic or hemorrhagic phenotype in acute stroke.Cytometry. Part B, Clinical cytometry · 2021 · PMID 34152689 · doi
- Plasma signature of apoptotic microvesicles is associated with endothelial dysfunction and plaque rupture in acute coronary syndromes.Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology · 2019 · PMID 31783033 · doi
- New approaches for the assessment of platelet activation status in thrombus under flow condition using confocal microscopy.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2019 · PMID 31834466 · doi
- Randomized controlled trial protocol to investigate the antiplatelet therapy effect on extracellular vesicles (AFFECT EV) in acute myocardial infarction.Platelets · 2018 · PMID 30585111 · doi
- Dissimilarity of increased phosphatidylserine-positive microparticles and associated coagulation activation in acute coronary syndromes.Coronary artery disease · 2016 · PMID 27058313 · doi
- Can phosphatidylserine enhance atheroprotective activities of high-density lipoprotein?Biochimie · 2015 · PMID 26141129 · doi
- Collagen can selectively trigger a platelet secretory phenotype via glycoprotein VI.PloS one · 2014 · PMID 25116206 · doi
- Annexin A5: an imaging biomarker of cardiovascular risk.Basic research in cardiology · 2008 · PMID 18324365 · doi
- Platelet CD36 mediates interactions with endothelial cell-derived microparticles and contributes to thrombosis in mice.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2008 · PMID 18431509 · doi