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Growth differentiation factor 15
Pathway / Off-pathway / systemic markers

Growth differentiation factor 15

GDF15protein

GDF15 reflects systemic stress, cardiac injury, and post-infarction remodeling, operating on a parallel outcome axis.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepOff-pathway / systemic markers
Confidencemedium
RationalePleiotropic stress and cardiac remodeling marker; off-axis systemic response to injury.
Also acts inMyocardial injury
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates0
Small-molecule tractableNo
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000130513

Type I vs non-Type I discrimination

ScoresShared / rises in both
R — rupture / Type-I
100
C — non-Type-I
73
A — assay feasibility
84
E — evidence strength
73
T1DI (composite)
32
Specificity differential (R−C)+2.7
Direct evidence: higher in non-Type I (D=-2)
GDF-15: T2MI 2.26 (1.44-4.35) ng/L vs T1MI 1.56 (1.02-2.19) ng/L; P<.001
Non-Type-I axis panel
Does this marker also move in each non-Type-I setting? mag 0–3; higher means less Type-I-specific. n/a = no evidence retrieved, which is not the same as no change.
2sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 3
2anemia / acute blood lossmag 2
2hypovolemia / dehydrationmag 3
2tachyarrhythmiamag 2
2hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
2hypertensive emergencyn/a
2high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
3sudden cardiac deathmag 2
4aPCI-related periproceduralmag 1
4bstent thrombosisn/a
4cin-stent restenosismag 2
5CABG-relatedmag 3
Coverage: 10/12 axes with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 24 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Validated clinical assay
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
ECL sandwich immunoassay / ELISA
Reagent / substrate
Anti-GDF-15 antibody pair
Platform
Roche Elecsys / ELISA
Turnaround · availability
Send-out · CE/research

Human genetic evidence

0.001
Open Targets association (NSTEMI)

Literature evidence(39)