Kidney injury molecule-1
HAVCR1proteinKidney injury molecule-1 reflects renal dysfunction and systemic ischemic injury independent of the atherothrombotic cascade.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepOff-pathway / systemic markers
Confidencemedium
RationaleRenal dysfunction and systemic organ-injury marker; off-pathway CVD biomarker.
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates0
Small-molecule tractableNo
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000113249
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresShared / rises in both
R — rupture / Type-I67
C — confounder / Type-II67
A — assay feasibility68
E — evidence strength75
T1DI (composite)26
Specificity differential (R−C)0
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationn/a
2anemia / acute blood lossmag 2
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmian/a
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencyn/a
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 3/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 23 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)
Human genetic evidence
1
GWAS associations
Traits: myocardial infarction
Literature evidence(3)
- Plasma Protein Profiling of Incident Cardiovascular Diseases: A Multisample Evaluation.Circulation. Genomic and precision medicine · 2023 · PMID 38014560 · doi
- Large-Scale Plasma Protein Profiling of Incident Myocardial Infarction, Ischemic Stroke, and Heart Failure.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2021 · PMID 34845919 · doi
- Prognostic impact of established and novel renal function biomarkers in myocardial infarction with cardiogenic shock: A biomarker substudy of the IABP-SHOCK II-trial.International journal of cardiology · 2015 · PMID 25965624 · doi