Interleukin-16
IL16proteinIL-16 promotes T-cell and eosinophil recruitment and contributes to endothelial activation, erosion, and inflammatory remodeling in acute coronary syndromes.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepEndothelial activation & erosion
Confidencemedium
RationalePro-inflammatory cytokine promoting endothelial injury and leukocyte infiltration.
Also acts inVascular inflammation
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates0
Small-molecule tractableNo
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000172349
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresLow-confidence (proxy)
R — rupture / Type-I28
C — confounder / Type-II59
A — assay feasibility68
E — evidence strength22
T1DI (composite)5
Specificity differential (R−C)-30.3
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
No confounder evidence retrieved.
Tier: light (literature co-occurrence proxy — lower confidence). See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)
Literature evidence(3)
- Novel biomarker panel measuring endothelial injury identifies patients at risk of coronary artery syndrome and discordance with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Coronary artery disease · 2022 · PMID 34138801 · doi
- Using proximity extension proteomics assay to identify biomarkers associated with infarct size and ejection fraction after ST-elevation myocardial infarction.Scientific reports · 2020 · PMID 33122738 · doi
- Reduction of Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Proteins in the Blood of Patients with Psoriasis: Differential Responses between Tofacitinib and Etanercept after 4 Weeks of Treatment.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2017 · PMID 28927890 · doi