Endothelial activation & erosion

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Endothelial activation & erosion

Endothelial dysfunction, activation and superficial erosion (the non-rupture mechanism of Type 1 MI), exposing subendothelial collagen/von Willebrand factor and adhesion molecules.

135 molecules · 87 druggable · 10 with clinical trials

Canonical markers: vWF, sICAM-1, sVCAM-1, E-selectin, ADAMTS13

von Willebrand factorVWF

vWF exposure following endothelial activation enables platelet adhesion and thrombotic cascade initiation.

60 refsdruggable

Soluble VCAM-1 is an endothelial adhesion molecule upregulated during endothelial activation and dysfunction; it mediates leukocyte recruitment into atheroscler

44 refsdruggable

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1ICAM1

sICAM-1 reflects endothelial activation and leukocyte recruitment to atherosclerotic plaques and coronary injury sites.

43 refsdruggable

E-selectin expression on endothelium marks activation and enables leukocyte rolling and adhesion during plaque inflammation and erosion.

30 refsdruggable

thrombomodulinTHBD

Thrombomodulin shedding from damaged endothelium impairs anticoagulation and indicates endothelial erosion/dysfunction in acute coronary events.

23 refsdruggable

Nitric oxide produced by endothelial cells regulates vasodilation and suppresses platelet adhesion; reduced bioavailability reflects endothelial dysfunction and

22 refs3 trials

Endothelial nitric oxide synthaseNOS3

Endothelial NOS catalyzes NO production essential for vasodilation and platelet inhibition; dysfunction contributes to endothelial erosion and thrombosis.

22 refsgeneticdruggable

Vascular endothelial growth factorVEGFA

VEGF promotes endothelial repair, angiogenesis and endothelial progenitor cell mobilization following myocardial injury and revascularization therapy.

20 refs1 trialsdruggable

CD31 marks endothelial cell activation and erosion in sEVs, indicating endothelial dysfunction and superficial erosion in Type 1 MI pathology.

Elevated homocysteine impairs endothelial function and promotes oxidative modification of LDL, accelerating atherosclerotic lipid retention and plaque vulnerabi

PECAM-1 mediates endothelial cell–cell and endothelial–platelet adhesion; dysfunction reflects endothelial activation and increased thrombotic risk.

14 refsgeneticdruggable

Circulating CD34+ endothelial progenitor and endothelial cells mark endothelial erosion and reparative responses in MI.

Soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor 1OLR1

Soluble LOX-1 reflects endothelial activation, oxidized-lipoprotein uptake, and pro-thrombotic endothelial dysfunction in acute coronary syndrome and Type 1 MI.

11 refs1 trialsgeneticdruggable

Vascular Endothelial CadherinCDH5

Vascular endothelial cadherin cleavage destabilizes endothelial junctions, enabling transmigration and exposing subendothelial matrix.

11 refsdruggable

Thrombospondin-1THBS1

Thrombospondin-1 mediates endothelial erosion and platelet-leukocyte engagement, modulating thrombus formation and post-MI inflammation.

9 refsdruggable

VEGFR-2 (KDR)KDR

VEGFR-2 on circulating endothelial cells and EPCs marks endothelial activation, injury and angiogenic response in Type 1 MI.

9 refsdruggable

Endothelin-1EDN1

ET-1 drives endothelial activation, excessive vasoconstriction, and endocardial injury during acute MI, with predictive value for endothelial progenitor cell mo

8 refs1 trialsdruggable

Asymmetric dimethylarginine

ADMA inhibits endothelial NO synthase, impairing vasodilation and promoting endothelial dysfunction driving erosion.

Endocan marks endothelial activation, dysfunction and erosion that expose thrombogenic subendothelial surfaces in Type 1 MI.

6 refsdruggable

Prostacyclin maintains endothelial function and opposes platelet activation, protecting against thrombosis in Type 1 MI.

Angiotensin-Converting EnzymeACE

ACE generates angiotensin II, promoting endothelial dysfunction, vascular inflammation, and pro-thrombotic state in coronary atherosclerosis.

5 refs1 trialsgeneticdruggable

Angiotensin II drives endothelial activation, impairs vasodilation, and amplifies plaque inflammation via LOX-1 and NADPH-oxidase signaling.

Arginine dysregulation impairs endothelial NO synthesis, reducing vasodilation and promoting endothelial dysfunction while delaying myocardial recovery from isc

Soluble CD146 and circulating CD146+ endothelial cells and microparticles mark endothelial injury, erosion, and post-MI angiogenesis.

Endothelial protein C receptorPROCR

PROCR encodes the endothelial protein C receptor, an antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory regulator whose expression is altered during endothelial dysfunction a

5 refsgeneticdruggable

FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase 1FLT1

FLT1 dysfunction impairs endothelial homeostasis and is associated with coronary artery disease and myocardial infarction risk.

5 refsgeneticdruggable

HIF1A-driven endothelial-mesenchymal transition, mitochondrial dysfunction and reduced cardioprotective secretome promote endothelial erosion and myocardial inj

5 refsdruggable

Phosphatase and actin regulator 1PHACTR1

Phosphatase regulating actin dynamics in endothelial dysfunction, arterial calcification, and fibrous-cap degradation driving plaque vulnerability and rupture.

5 refsgeneticdruggable

Noradrenaline promotes endothelial activation and dysfunction, increases platelet reactivity, and alters thrombus architecture in atherothrombotic MI.

ADAMTS13ADAMTS13

ADAMTS13 deficiency permits ultralarge VWF multimer accumulation, amplifying platelet adhesion and thrombotic risk in acute coronary events.

4 refsdruggable

Angiopoietin-2ANGPT2

Angiopoietin-2 promotes endothelial activation and vascular instability, destabilizing the coronary endothelium and exacerbating post-MI remodeling.

4 refsdruggable

Endoglin regulates endothelial function and vascular remodeling; elevated levels reflect endothelial activation and plaque neoangiogenesis associated with ather

4 refsdruggable

NOS1 dysregulation impairs nitric oxide production, promoting endothelial dysfunction and macrophage-endothelial interactions in atherosclerosis.

4 refsgeneticdruggable

Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2NFE2L2

Nrf2 activates endothelial protective antioxidant responses and suppresses dysfunction-driven cap erosion.

4 refsdruggable

Syndecan-1 shedding from damaged endothelium marks endothelial activation and erosion-driven Type 1 MI pathogenesis.

4 refsdruggable

Endothelin-1 mediates endothelial dysfunction and excessive vasoconstriction during acute coronary events, contributing to reduced coronary blood flow and myoca

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2ACE2

ACE2 elevation in acute MI reflects endothelial activation and dysfunction; modulates angiotensin signaling and inflammatory responses in the coronary vasculatu

3 refsdruggable

Epidermal Growth FactorEGF

EGF acts as a marker of endothelial erosion and tissue injury in acute coronary syndromes, correlating with ischemic time and extent of myocardial damage.

3 refsdruggable

ERG (ETS-related gene)ERG

ETS transcription factor regulates endothelial phenotype and is dysregulated in STEMI, also involved in platelet immunoglobulin responses.

3 refsdruggable

FoxO1 transcription-factor dysregulation in coronary artery disease impairs endothelial function and promotes atherosclerotic vascular remodeling.

3 refs2 omicsdruggable

Interleukin-16IL16

IL-16 promotes T-cell and eosinophil recruitment and contributes to endothelial activation, erosion, and inflammatory remodeling in acute coronary syndromes.

3 refsdruggable

Pigment epithelium-derived factorSERPINF1

PEDF is an anti-inflammatory and atheroprotective factor that prevents endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plaque destabilization.

3 refsdruggable

Vitronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein mediating endothelial dysfunction and platelet adhesion in atherothrombotic injury.

3 refsdruggable

β-CateninCTNNB1

CTNNB1 promotes endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling via EndMT pathways.

3 refsdruggable

Tryptase is a mast cell-derived serine protease that degrades endothelial extracellular matrix and contributes to endothelial erosion in Type 1 MI.

2 refs1 trialsdruggable

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4BMP4

BMP-4 promotes endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, contributing to plaque destabilization and progression toward rupture or erosion.

2 refsdruggable

Citrulline reflects arginine bioavailability and nitric oxide synthesis, modulating endothelial activation and vasomotor function.

Endothelial microparticles

Microparticles shed from activated/eroded endothelium reflecting endothelial damage and thrombotic potential.

Insulin-like Growth Factor-1IGF1

IGF1 promotes endothelial survival and ECM remodeling, contributing to plaque stability and reduced erosion risk.

2 refsdruggable

Integrin Alpha-VITGAV

CD51+ endothelial microparticles circulate during acute MI, reflecting endothelial cell activation, injury, and shedding of membrane fragments during coronary t

2 refsgeneticdruggable

Jagged1 participates in Notch signaling controlling endothelial activation and angiogenesis, modulating vascular inflammation and remodeling in Type 1 MI.

2 refsdruggable

JCAD directly drives endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerotic plaque formation, contributing to Type 1 MI risk through endothelial erosion and CAD.

Krüppel-like Factor 2KLF2

KLF2 downregulation impairs endothelial shear-stress sensing and homeostasis, promoting endothelial erosion and Type 1 MI.

L-arginine availability limits nitric oxide production, and its depletion associates with endothelial dysfunction and ACS severity.

microRNA-145MIR145

miR-145 dysregulation promotes endothelial dysfunction during plaque evolution and predicts post-MI adverse outcomes.

miR-126-3p regulates vascular endothelial tight junctions and angiogenic signaling, serving as a circulating biomarker for endothelial activation and CAD/MI ris

miRNA suppressing RGS5-mediated endothelial stability, facilitating rupture-prone plaque development.

NADPH oxidaseNOX2

NADPH oxidase generates superoxide driving lipid oxidation and endothelial dysfunction, destabilizing plaques.

NOTCH1 signaling controls endothelial biology and vascular calcification, contributing to plaque stability and coronary thrombosis risk.

2 refs1 omicsdruggable

HSPG2 upregulation in CAD reflects endothelial remodeling and matrix turnover destabilizing the fibrous cap.

2 refsdruggable

G-protein regulator maintaining endothelial barrier function; miR-330-3p-suppressed in MI progression.

2 refsdruggable

Scavenger receptor class B member 1SCARB1

SCARB1 mediates endothelial uptake of HDL and cardioprotective signals regulating plaque inflammation.

2 refsgeneticdruggable

Soluble amyloid precursor protein 770

sAPP770 is released from activated endothelium during acute coronary syndromes, reflecting endothelial injury and dysfunction.

Symmetric dimethylarginine

Symmetric dimethylarginine inhibits nitric-oxide synthase, promoting endothelial dysfunction and erosion.

Urotensin II promotes vasoconstriction and endothelial activation, contributing to coronary atherosclerotic disease.

Neuregulin-1NRG1

Neuregulin-1 activates ERBB2/ERBB4 signaling in endothelial cells, suppressing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stabilizing vascular integrity.

1 refs1 trialsdruggable

15(S)-HETE is an eicosanoid that impairs endothelial function and promotes vascular inflammation.

Actin Filament Associated Protein 1AFAP1

AFAP1 regulates cytoskeletal dynamics and vascular integrity in SCAD.

Amyloid Precursor Protein isoform 770APP

APP770 regulates endothelial cell viability and vascular inflammation, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque instability.

1 refsdruggable

ANGPTL6 promotes endothelial repair and stent endothelialization to restore coronary integrity.

1 refsdruggable

ARVCF is a CAD-variant-regulated adherens-junction protein that influences endothelial integrity and vascular inflammation.

1 refsdruggable

ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase 1ATP2B1

Plasma-membrane calcium pump maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis in vascular smooth muscle and endothelium, influencing vascular tone and reactivity.

1 refsgeneticdruggable

Cadherin-15CDH15

CDH15 dysregulation compromises endothelial integrity and promotes leukocyte recruitment in acute MI.

1 refsdruggable

CD148 is a vascular receptor phosphatase that regulates endothelial adhesion and barrier function, modulating plaque erosion.

1 refsdruggable

Coxsackievirus and Adenovirus ReceptorCXADR

CXADR variants confer CAD susceptibility through altered endothelial adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte interaction.

1 refsdruggable

CPEB1 controls endothelial cell apoptosis and inflammatory pathways contributing to endothelial erosion.

Desmocollin-1DSC1

DSC1 maintains endothelial integrity; loss promotes vascular inflammation and plaque progression.

1 refsdruggable

DHX38 regulates vascular endothelial cell senescence, contributing to endothelial activation and erosion in coronary atherothrombosis.

1 refsdruggable

Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Protein-1C5ORF46

EMPRINN elevation in epicardial adipose tissue during NSTEMI reflects adipose inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in coronary vasculature.

1 refsdruggable

Endothelial Cell Selective Adhesion MoleculeESAM

ESAM is an endothelial-cell adhesion molecule marking activation and integrity loss after coronary intervention.

1 refsdruggable

EREG promotes endothelial repair and angiogenic remodeling to restore coronary perfusion after MI.

1 refsdruggable

Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid promotes endothelial function and vasodilation, suppressing inflammatory pathways implicated in plaque erosion and instability.

ERK5 mediates endothelial-cell homeostasis and prevents dysfunction-driven erosion and thrombosis.

1 refsdruggable

Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1FGFR1

FGFR1 mediates fibroblast growth factor signaling in endothelial cells, influencing plaque vascularization, inflammation, and atherothrombotic vulnerability.

1 refsdruggable

Forkhead box M1FOXM1

FOXM1 transcriptional activation promotes endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, reducing endothelial integrity and contributing to vascular dysfunction in athe

1 refsdruggable

Four and a half LIM domains 5FHL5

LIM-domain protein regulating vascular remodeling and calcification that influences atherosclerotic plaque stability and cap integrity.

Granulocyte colony-stimulating factorCSF3

G-CSF improves endothelial function and mobilizes bone-marrow-derived progenitors contributing to vascular repair after myocardial infarction.

1 refsgeneticdruggable

GUCY1A1 CAD-associated variants impair nitric-oxide signaling in the endothelium, promoting dysfunction and atherothrombotic risk.

1 refsgeneticdruggable

Hes Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1HES1

HES1 dysregulation impairs endothelial function and homeostasis, promoting vascular dysfunction and plaque progression.

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-2ICAM2

ICAM-2 mediates endothelial-leukocyte interactions, promoting inflammatory cell infiltration in atherosclerotic lesions.

1 refsdruggable

LDL receptor-related protein 1LRP1

Lipoprotein receptor and calcium regulator governing intracellular calcium homeostasis and endothelial function in atherosclerotic vasculature.

1 refsdruggable

LIM domain and actin-binding protein 1LIMA1

Actin-binding protein regulating cytoskeletal dynamics in vascular contraction and endothelial barrier integrity.

1 refsdruggable

Melanoma Cell Adhesion MoleculeMCAM

MCAM mediates leukocyte adhesion and endothelial activation, contributing to vascular inflammation during acute MI.

1 refsdruggable

miR-32-5p impairs endothelial KLF2 expression, compromising endothelial mechanotransduction and promoting erosion-type MI.

miR-103a promotes endothelial dysfunction and serves as a biomarker for acute coronary events.

miR-126-5p regulates endothelial function and vascular integrity; its dysregulation associates with coronary artery disease.

miR-139-5p regulates vascular performance and endothelial function in coronary pathology.

miR-199a-5p regulates vascular performance and endothelial function in coronary pathology.

miR-26a-5p regulates vascular performance and endothelial function in coronary pathology.

miR-30b-5p regulates vascular performance and endothelial function in coronary pathology.

miR-3667-3p differentially marks the endothelial erosion phenotype in Type 1 MI, distinguishing erosion-mediated acute coronary thrombosis from plaque rupture.

miR-377 is dysregulated during acute MI, modulating endothelial function and injury responses; elevated levels mark endothelial damage and dysfunction.

miR-92a-3p, packaged in extracellular microvesicles, regulates angiogenesis and endothelial vascular stability in acute coronary syndromes.

miR-let-7d-5p regulates vascular performance and endothelial function in coronary pathology.

Elevated nitrite indicates reactive oxygen species-driven oxidation of nitric oxide and impaired endothelial-protective NO signaling.

Notch Receptor 3NOTCH3

NOTCH3 signaling dysregulation impairs endothelial function and vascular homeostasis, promoting plaque inflammation.

1 refsdruggable

Oxidative stress responsive gene 1OSGIN1

OSGIN1 upregulation marks endothelial cell dysfunction and activation in plaque erosion-prone sites.

Oxidative stress responsive gene 2OSGIN2

OSGIN2 upregulation indicates endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress in plaque erosion-prone lesions.

A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor regulating vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and atherosclerotic plaque remodeling.

1 refsdruggable

Phosphodiesterase 5PDE5A

PDE5 catalyzes cGMP hydrolysis; its inhibition preserves endothelial nitric-oxide signaling, reducing endothelial dysfunction and activation during atherosclero

1 refsdruggable

Piezo1 senses mechanical stress on endothelial cells, modulating dysfunction in atherosclerotic disease.

1 refsdruggable

PIM3 kinase promotes endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation, contributing to atherosclerotic plaque destabilization and coronary thrombosis.

1 refsdruggable

PLPP3 regulates lysophospholipid signaling and endothelial quiescence; critical for hemodynamic mechanosensing and endothelial stability.

1 refsgeneticdruggable

Protein tyrosine kinase 7PTK7

PTK7 dysregulation associates with endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation contributing to coronary atherosclerotic disease.

1 refsdruggable

Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2ERBB2

ERBB2, activated by neuregulin-1, transduces anti-inflammatory and anti-EndMT signals in endothelial cells, preserving barrier function and vascular stability.

1 refsdruggable

Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-4ERBB4

ERBB4, activated by neuregulin-1, suppresses endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular injury and atheroscler

1 refsdruggable

RGM domain family member BRGMB

RGMB dysregulation associates with endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling in coronary artery disease.

1 refsdruggable

Secreted Frizzled-related protein 3SFRP3

sFRP3 antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling, suppressing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and maintaining endothelial barrier function during vascular injury

Snail family transcriptional repressor 1SNAI1

SNAIL transcriptional repressor drives endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, reducing endothelial-cell adhesion and increasing vascular permeability in atheros

1 refsdruggable

soluble Fms-like Tyrosine Kinase-1

sFlt1 impairs endothelial function and angiogenesis, linking preeclampsia-like vascular pathology to atherosclerotic progression.

Solute carrier family 24 member 3SLC24A3

Calcium/sodium exchanger regulating intracellular calcium in vascular smooth muscle and endothelium, governing vascular reactivity and calcification.

1 refsdruggable

Sphingomyelin (42:3)

Sphingomyelin (42:3) protects endothelial cell integrity and reduces apoptosis, opposing erosion mechanisms.

TAZ, activated downstream of JCAD, promotes endothelial dysfunction and contributes to atherosclerotic plaque instability.

1 refsdruggable

Trefoil Factor 3TFF3

TFF3 promotes endothelial cell survival and angiogenic remodeling in the post-MI cardiac microenvironment.

1 refsdruggable

TRIOBP interacts with JCAD to stabilize endothelial stress fibers, preserving or modulating endothelial barrier integrity during atherosclerosis progression.

Tyrosine-Protein Kinase Receptor TIE-2TEK

Tie-2 receptor maintains endothelial barrier integrity and angiogenic homeostasis; dysregulation promotes atherosclerotic erosion.

1 refsdruggable

Urotensin II Receptor

Urotensin II receptor transduces vasoconstrictor and pro-inflammatory signals during atherosclerotic plaque evolution.

YAP, activated downstream of JCAD, promotes endothelial dysfunction and contributes to atherosclerotic plaque instability.

1 refsdruggable

Adhesion G Protein-Coupled Receptor L3ADGRL3

Cell-adhesion receptor expressed on endothelium; plausible role in endothelial activation.

geneticdruggable

Laminin subunit beta 2LAMB2

LAMB2 maintains vascular basement-membrane structure; mutations cause endothelial erosion and alter plaque stability.

geneticdruggable

Membrane-associated ring-CH-type finger 1MARCHF1

Ubiquitin ligase regulating endothelial and immune cell protein homeostasis with unclear MI specificity.

geneticdruggable

Muscle-associated Ras suppressorMRAS

Suppresses Ras signaling; loss linked to endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory activation.

geneticdruggable

Protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 11PTPN11

Regulates endothelial permeability and platelet activation via phosphatase signaling.

geneticdruggable

Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 1SFRP1

SFRP1 suppresses Wnt signaling; loss promotes endothelial dysfunction, vascular calcification, and plaque inflammation.

geneticdruggable

Modulates endothelial cell–cell junctions and integrin signaling affecting vascular integrity.

geneticdruggable