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Lactate dehydrogenase
Pathway / Myocardial injury (shared endpoint)

Lactate dehydrogenase

LDHAprotein

Lactate dehydrogenase released from ischemic cardiomyocytes and endothelial cells serves as an acute myocardial injury and tissue-damage marker.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepMyocardial injury (shared endpoint)
Confidencemedium
RationaleMyocardial and endothelial cell injury marker; ischemic damage indicator.
Also acts inSystemic / off-pathway
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates1
Small-molecule tractableYes
Antibody tractableNo
EnsemblENSG00000134333

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresType-II-associated
R — rupture / Type-I
—
C — confounder / Type-II
67
A — assay feasibility
72
E — evidence strength
50
T1DI (composite)
9
Specificity differential (R−C)-51.7
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationn/a
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmian/a
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencyn/a
7high-demand / peri-operative stressn/a
Coverage: 1/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 1 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Validated clinical assay
Specimen
Serum or plasma (avoid hemolysis)
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · Lithium heparin (green-top)
Method / principle
Enzymatic kinetic (lactate→pyruvate, IFCC)
Reagent / substrate
L-lactate + NAD+ → pyruvate + NADH, read 340 nm
Platform
Automated chemistry analyzer
Turnaround · availability
Routine · Universal

Literature evidence(3)