CoronaryAtlas logo
CoronaryAtlas
Protein S
Pathway / Off-pathway / systemic markers

Protein S

PROS1protein

Protein S deficiency or dysfunction impairs anticoagulation, increasing arterial thrombosis risk independent of plaque-specific mechanisms.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepOff-pathway / systemic markers
Confidencemedium
RationaleVitamin K-dependent anticoagulant; hemostatic balance marker off the acute atherothrombotic cascade.
Also acts inCoagulation / thrombus
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates2
Small-molecule tractableNo
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000184500

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresType-II-associated
R — rupture / Type-I
—
C — confounder / Type-II
58
A — assay feasibility
72
E — evidence strength
86
T1DI (composite)
18
Specificity differential (R−C)-43.3
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 2
2anemia / acute blood lossmag 2
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmiamag 1
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencyn/a
7high-demand / peri-operative stressn/a
Coverage: 4/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 10 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)

Literature evidence(7)