E-selectin
SELEproteinE-selectin expression on endothelium marks activation and enables leukocyte rolling and adhesion during plaque inflammation and erosion.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepEndothelial activation & erosion
Confidencehigh
RationaleSelectin is an endothelial activation marker and leukocyte-adhesion molecule.
Also acts inVascular inflammation, Platelet activation
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates4
Small-molecule tractableYes
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000007908
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresShared / rises in both
R — rupture / Type-I67
C — confounder / Type-II61
A — assay feasibility72
E — evidence strength58
T1DI (composite)22
Specificity differential (R−C)+6
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 3
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationmag 2
4tachyarrhythmiamag 2
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 1
6hypertensive emergencymag 1
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 6/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 15 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)
Literature evidence(30)
- Soluble endoglin reflects endothelial dysfunction in myocardial infarction patients: a retrospective observational study.International journal of medical sciences · 2025 · PMID 40765559 · doi
- Novel Insight into Inflammatory Pathways in Acute Pulmonary Embolism in Humans.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2024 · PMID 39466143 · doi
- Multimodal CRISPR perturbations of GWAS loci associated with coronary artery disease in vascular endothelial cells.PLoS genetics · 2023 · PMID 36928188 · doi
- The Effect of Protease-Activated Receptor-1 (PAR-1) Inhibition on Endothelial-Related Biomarkers in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2022 · PMID 36588289 · doi
- Dysregulation of serum miR-361-5p serves as a biomarker to predict disease onset and short-term prognosis in acute coronary syndrome patients.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2021 · PMID 33546604 · doi
- Circulating microparticle concentrations across acute and chronic cardiovascular disease conditions.Physiological reports · 2020 · PMID 32748505 · doi
- Pinocembrin protects endothelial cells from oxidized LDL-induced injury.Cytokine · 2018 · PMID 29914794 · doi
- Reduction of Inflammatory and Cardiovascular Proteins in the Blood of Patients with Psoriasis: Differential Responses between Tofacitinib and Etanercept after 4 Weeks of Treatment.The Journal of investigative dermatology · 2017 · PMID 28927890 · doi
- Integrity(®) bare-metal coronary stent-induced platelet and endothelial cell activation results in a higher risk of restenosis compared to Xience(®) everolimus-eluting stents in stable angina patients.Platelets · 2016 · PMID 26765134 · doi
- Effects of Acute and Antecedent Hypoglycemia on Endothelial Function and Markers of Atherothrombotic Balance in Healthy Humans.Diabetes · 2015 · PMID 25695946 · doi
- Circulating microparticle signature in coronary and peripheral blood of ST elevation myocardial infarction patients in relation to pain-to-PCI elapsed time.International journal of cardiology · 2015 · PMID 26432487 · doi
- Prognostic role of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble E-selectin levels for future cardiovascular events in a 'real-world' community cohort of patients with atrial fibrillation.European journal of clinical investigation · 2013 · PMID 23961715 · doi
- The association of ventricular tachycardia and endothelial dysfunction in the setting of acute myocardial infarction with ST elevation.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2013 · PMID 24253420 · doi
- The pro- and anticoagulant role of blood-borne phagocytes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2013 · PMID 23595567 · doi
- Markers of inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial activation correlate with carotid IMT regression in stable coronary disease after atorvastatin treatment.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2009 · PMID 19171469 · doi
- Endothelial activation, dysfunction, and damage in congestive heart failure and the relation to brain natriuretic peptide and outcomes.The American journal of cardiology · 2006 · PMID 16490435 · doi
- Evaluation of markers of endothelial damage in cases of young myocardial infarction.Atherosclerosis · 2005 · PMID 15910865 · doi
- Relationship between release of platelet/endothelial biomarkers and plasma levels of sertraline and N-desmethylsertraline in acute coronary syndrome patients receiving SSRI treatment for depression.The American journal of psychiatry · 2005 · PMID 15932816 · doi
- [HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and endothelium].Herz · 2005 · PMID 16170677 · doi
- Increased circulating endothelial cells in acute heart failure: comparison with von Willebrand factor and soluble E-selectin.European journal of heart failure · 2005 · PMID 16185922 · doi
- Systemic inflammatory markers in acute coronary syndrome: association with cardiovascular risk factors and effect of early lipid lowering.Coronary artery disease · 2005 · PMID 16205449 · doi
- Circulating endothelial cells in atrial fibrillation with and without acute cardiovascular disease.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2005 · PMID 16270620 · doi
- [Endothelial adhesion molecules ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and E-selectin in patients with acute coronary syndrome].Revista espanola de cardiologia · 2003 · PMID 12605758 · doi
- Enhanced platelet/endothelial activation in depressed patients with acute coronary syndromes: evidence from recent clinical trials.Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis : an international journal in haemostasis and thrombosis · 2003 · PMID 12960610 · doi
- Increased plasma level of soluble E-selectin in acute myocardial infarction.American heart journal · 2000 · PMID 10925338 · doi
- Direct evidence of endothelial injury in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina by demonstration of circulating endothelial cells.Blood · 1999 · PMID 10216090
- [Endothelial expression of adhesion molecules].Rinsho byori. The Japanese journal of clinical pathology · 1998 · PMID 9868300
- Serum levels of the TGF-beta receptor are increased in atherosclerosis.Atherosclerosis · 1996 · PMID 8645363 · doi
- von Willebrand factor and soluble E-selectin in hypertension: influence of treatment and value in predicting the progression of atherosclerosis.Coronary artery disease · 1996 · PMID 8813446 · doi
- Soluble E-selectin levels in acute human myocardial infarction.International journal of microcirculation, clinical and experimental · 1995 · PMID 8655256 · doi