von Willebrand factor
VWFproteinvWF exposure following endothelial activation enables platelet adhesion and thrombotic cascade initiation.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepEndothelial activation & erosion
Confidencehigh
RationaleAnchor molecule; exposed by endothelial erosion/dysfunction; mediates platelet tethering.
Also acts inPlatelet activation
Druggability
DruggableYes
Known drugs / candidates4
Small-molecule tractableYes
Antibody tractableYes
EnsemblENSG00000110799
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresShared / rises in both
R — rupture / Type-I67
C — confounder / Type-II61
A — assay feasibility72
E — evidence strength95
T1DI (composite)36
Specificity differential (R−C)+5.6
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 2
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationmag 1
4tachyarrhythmiamag 2
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencymag 2
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 6/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 18 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Validated clinical assay
Specimen
Platelet-poor plasma
Collection tube
Sodium citrate 3.2% (light blue-top)
Method / principle
Immunoturbidimetric (VWF:Ag) + GPIbM/ristocetin cofactor activity
Reagent / substrate
Anti-VWF latex; recombinant GPIb fragment or ristocetin+platelets
Platform
Coagulation analyzer
Turnaround · availability
Send-out · Specialized lab
Literature evidence(60)
- Prognostic role of plasma von Willebrand factor and soluble E-selectin levels for future cardiovascular events in a 'real-world' community cohort of patients with atrial fibrillation.European journal of clinical investigation · 2013 · PMID 23961715 · doi
- Vascular and thrombogenic effects of pulmonary exposure to Libby amphibole.Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A · 2012 · PMID 22352330 · doi
- Fibrin D-dimer, tissue-type plasminogen activator, von Willebrand factor, and risk of incident stroke in older men.Stroke · 2012 · PMID 22382157 · doi
- Lower tissue factor inhibition in patients with ST segment elevation than in patients with non ST elevation acute myocardial infarction.Thrombosis research · 2012 · PMID 22424853 · doi
- von Willebrand factor: more than a regulator of hemostasis and thrombosis.Acta haematologica · 2012 · PMID 22890291 · doi
- Chronic dysfunction of the endothelium is associated with mortality in acute coronary syndrome patients.Thrombosis research · 2012 · PMID 23273402 · doi
- Traffic air pollution and oxidized LDL.PloS one · 2011 · PMID 21283820 · doi
- Platelet activation, coagulation activation and C-reactive protein in simultaneous samples from the vascular access and peripheral veins of haemodialysis patients.International journal of laboratory hematology · 2011 · PMID 21722325 · doi
- Day-night variations in endothelial dysfunction markers and haemostatic factors in sleep apnoea.The European respiratory journal · 2011 · PMID 21852330 · doi
- [Place and role of von Willebrand factor in acute coronary syndromes].Medicinski pregled · 2011 · PMID 22368999 · doi
- Circulating endothelial cells in coronary artery disease.Kardiologia polska · 2010 · PMID 20967702
- [Role of the infection and inflammation in atherosclerosis development (literature review)].Angiologiia i sosudistaia khirurgiia = Angiology and vascular surgery · 2010 · PMID 21780619
- Platelet turnover, coagulation factors, and soluble markers of platelet and endothelial activation in essential thrombocythemia: relationship with thrombosis occurrence and JAK2 V617F allele burden.American journal of hematology · 2009 · PMID 19105233 · doi
- Markers of inflammation, thrombosis and endothelial activation correlate with carotid IMT regression in stable coronary disease after atorvastatin treatment.Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2009 · PMID 19171469 · doi
- Insight into the mode of action of ACE inhibition in coronary artery disease: the ultimate 'EUROPA' story.Drugs · 2009 · PMID 19275271 · doi
- Circulating inflammatory and hemostatic biomarkers are associated with risk of myocardial infarction and coronary death, but not angina pectoris, in older men.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2009 · PMID 19682232 · doi
- Endothelial progenitor cells bind and inhibit platelet function and thrombus formation.Circulation · 2009 · PMID 19917882 · doi
- von Willebrand factor in cardiovascular disease: focus on acute coronary syndromes.Circulation · 2008 · PMID 18347221 · doi
- Effects of von Willebrand factor concentration and platelet collision on shear-induced platelet activation.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2008 · PMID 18612539 · doi
- Contribution of novel biomarkers to incident stable angina and acute coronary syndrome: the PRIME Study.European heart journal · 2008 · PMID 18621771 · doi
- Acute myocardial infarction as a systemic prothrombotic condition evidenced by increased von Willebrand factor protein over ADAMTS13 activity in coronary and systemic circulation.Heart and vessels · 2008 · PMID 18810578 · doi
- Endothelial activation, dysfunction, and damage in congestive heart failure and the relation to brain natriuretic peptide and outcomes.The American journal of cardiology · 2006 · PMID 16490435 · doi
- Associations of vitamin C status, fruit and vegetable intakes, and markers of inflammation and hemostasis.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2006 · PMID 16522902 · doi
- Altered fibrin architecture is associated with hypofibrinolysis and premature coronary atherothrombosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2006 · PMID 16917107 · doi
- Measures of thrombosis and fibrinolysis.Clinics in laboratory medicine · 2006 · PMID 16938589 · doi
- Tissue plasminogen activator antigen is strongly associated with myocardial infarction in young women.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2005 · PMID 15670033 · doi
- Serum C-reactive protein and circulating endothelial cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction.Clinical hemorheology and microcirculation · 2005 · PMID 15894827
- [HIV infection, antiretroviral therapy, and endothelium].Herz · 2005 · PMID 16170677 · doi
- Increased circulating endothelial cells in acute heart failure: comparison with von Willebrand factor and soluble E-selectin.European journal of heart failure · 2005 · PMID 16185922 · doi
- Circulating endothelial cells in atrial fibrillation with and without acute cardiovascular disease.Thrombosis and haemostasis · 2005 · PMID 16270620 · doi
- Endothelial cell markers and the risk of coronary heart disease: the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME) study.Circulation · 2004 · PMID 15023872 · doi
- Interaction between inflammation and thrombosis in acute coronary syndrome.Kardiologia polska · 2004 · PMID 15457277
- C-reactive protein, prothrombotic imbalance and endothelial dysfunction in acute coronary syndromes without ST elevation.Romanian journal of internal medicine = Revue roumaine de medecine interne · 2004 · PMID 15529598
- A randomized comparison of the effects of aspirin and clopidogrel on thrombotic risk factors and C-reactive protein following myocardial infarction: the CADET trial.Journal of thrombosis and haemostasis : JTH · 2004 · PMID 15550024 · doi
- Endothelial progenitor cells: characterization, pathophysiology, and possible clinical relevance.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2004 · PMID 15601578 · doi
- PECAM-1 negatively regulates GPIb/V/IX signaling in murine platelets.Blood · 2003 · PMID 12893757 · doi
- Retained fibrinolytic response and no coagulation activation after acute physical exercise in middle-aged women with previous myocardial infarction.Thrombosis research · 2002 · PMID 12091046 · doi
- Factor V Leiden and its relation to left ventricular thrombus in acute myocardial infarction.Acta cardiologica · 2001 · PMID 11315119 · doi
- A pilot study of streptokinase-induced endothelial injury and platelet activation following acute myocardial infarction.Journal of internal medicine · 2000 · PMID 11086642 · doi
- Direct evidence of endothelial injury in acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina by demonstration of circulating endothelial cells.Blood · 1999 · PMID 10216090
Showing 40 of 60 linked references.