3-Hydroxybutyrate
metabolite3-Hydroxybutyrate reflects myocardial metabolic stress and energy depletion during acute coronary syndrome.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepOff-pathway / systemic markers
Confidencemedium
RationaleKetone body; energetic biomarker of cardiac metabolism during acute ischemia.
Also acts inMyocardial injury
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresLow-confidence (proxy)
R — rupture / Type-I35
C — confounder / Type-II64
A — assay feasibility42
E — evidence strength24
T1DI (composite)4
Specificity differential (R−C)-28.9
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
No confounder evidence retrieved.
Tier: light (literature co-occurrence proxy — lower confidence). See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum, plasma or urine
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · Lithium heparin (green-top) · Sterile urine container
Method / principle
LC-MS/MS (targeted metabolomics) or enzymatic colorimetric where available
Reagent / substrate
Stable-isotope-labeled internal standard (MS); or enzyme-coupled Trinder reagent
Platform
LC-MS/MS; some automated chemistry
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Specialized / research
Literature evidence(2)
- Distinct microbial and metabolic shifts characterize acute coronary syndrome and recovery.iMeta · 2025 · PMID 41112052 · doi
- NMR plasma metabolomics study of patients overcoming acute myocardial infarction: in the first 12 h after onset of chest pain with statistical discrimination towards metabolomic biomarkers.Physiological research · 2020 · PMID 32901496 · doi