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Cholesterol
Pathway / Lipid retention & oxidation

Cholesterol

metabolite

Cholesterol and atherogenic lipoprotein-associated cholesterol drive intimal retention, foam cell formation, inflammasome activation, and plaque destabilization.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepLipid retention & oxidation
Confidencehigh
RationaleCentral lipid substrate; ApoB-lipoprotein retention; oxidative modification; foam cell lipidome; plaque crystalline inflammation.
Also acts inVascular inflammation, Platelet activation
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresIndeterminate
R — rupture / Type-I
—
C — confounder / Type-II
33
A — assay feasibility
84
E — evidence strength
95
T1DI (composite)
33
Specificity differential (R−C)-18.3
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationn/a
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmiamag 0
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencyn/a
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 1
Coverage: 3/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 4 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Validated clinical assay
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · Lithium heparin (green-top)
Method / principle
Enzymatic (CHOD-PAP)
Reagent / substrate
Cholesterol esterase + cholesterol oxidase + peroxidase, Trinder chromogen
Platform
Automated chemistry analyzer
Turnaround · availability
Routine · Universal

Literature evidence(7)