D-dimers
proteinD-dimers reflect fibrin deposition and plasmin-mediated fibrinolysis, marking active thrombotic and fibrinolytic activity in acute coronary occlusion.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepCoagulation & thrombus formation
Confidencehigh
RationaleCross-linked fibrin degradation product; anchor molecule for fibrinolytic turnover in thrombosis.
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresType-II-associated
R — rupture / Type-I0
C — confounder / Type-II50
A — assay feasibility68
E — evidence strength67
T1DI (composite)11
Specificity differential (R−C)-50
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 2
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationmag 1
4tachyarrhythmian/a
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencyn/a
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 1
Coverage: 4/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 16 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)
Literature evidence(3)
- The evaluation of platelet indices and markers of inflammation, coagulation and disease progression in treatment-naïve, asymptomatic HIV-infected individuals.International journal of laboratory hematology · 2014 · PMID 25401263 · doi
- C-reactive protein, prothrombotic imbalance and endothelial dysfunction in acute coronary syndromes without ST elevation.Romanian journal of internal medicine = Revue roumaine de medecine interne · 2004 · PMID 15529598
- Absence of paradoxical thrombin activation by fibrin-specific thrombolytics in acute myocardial infarction: comparison of single-bolus tenecteplase and front-loaded alteplase.Thrombosis research · 2002 · PMID 12182909 · doi