Electronegative LDL (L5)
lipoproteinElectronegative LDL (L5) is a highly oxidized lipoprotein subspecies that triggers monocyte recruitment and macrophage activation, amplifying plaque inflammation.
Pathway placement
Cascade stepPlaque inflammation
Confidencehigh
RationaleOxidized LDL variant; potent inflammatory signal in plaque.
Also acts inLipid entry/oxidation
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).
Type I vs Type II discrimination
ScoresLow-confidence (proxy)
R — rupture / Type-I66
C — confounder / Type-II92
A — assay feasibility82
E — evidence strength34
T1DI (composite)10
Specificity differential (R−C)-26.2
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
No confounder evidence retrieved.
Tier: light (literature co-occurrence proxy — lower confidence). See the discrimination table for all markers.
Assay & specimen
Specialized reference method
Specimen
Serum or plasma (EDTA)
Collection tube
K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top) · Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST)
Method / principle
NMR lipoprotein particle analysis or density-gradient ultracentrifugation
Reagent / substrate
No chemical reagent — NMR spectral deconvolution of lipid methyl signals (or ultracentrifugal separation by density)
Platform
NMR (LabCorp NMR LipoProfile) / analytical ultracentrifuge
Turnaround · availability
Send-out · Specialized reference lab
Literature evidence(3)
- Comparative Analysis of Atherogenic Lipoproteins L5 and Lp(a) in Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2024 · PMID 38753254 · doi
- The Oxidized Lipoproteins In Vivo: Its Diversity and Behavior in the Human Circulation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023 · PMID 36982815 · doi
- Detection of a High Ratio of Soluble to Membrane-Bound LOX-1 in Aspirated Coronary Thrombi From Patients With ST-Segment-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2020 · PMID 31928155 · doi