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LDL cholesterol
Pathway / Lipid retention & oxidation

LDL cholesterol

lipoprotein

LDL accumulation in the arterial intima is the initiating substrate of atherosclerotic plaque formation.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepLipid retention & oxidation
Confidencehigh
RationaleAnchor molecule; ApoB-lipoprotein retention in intima initiates atherosclerosis.
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresShared / rises in both
R — rupture / Type-I
67
C — confounder / Type-II
53
A — assay feasibility
84
E — evidence strength
82
T1DI (composite)
39
Specificity differential (R−C)+13.4
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 1
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmiamag 1
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencymag 2
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 5/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 7 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Validated clinical assay
Specimen
Serum or plasma (fasting preferred)
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · Lithium heparin (green-top)
Method / principle
Direct enzymatic (homogeneous) or calculated (Friedewald/Martin)
Reagent / substrate
Cholesterol esterase + cholesterol oxidase + peroxidase, Trinder chromogen; selective detergents for LDL
Platform
Automated chemistry analyzer
Turnaround · availability
Routine · Universal

Literature evidence(60)

Showing 40 of 60 linked references.

Clinical trials(6)