SMAD Family Member (Canonical TGF-β Signaling)

protein

SMAD signaling regulates fibrotic and inflammatory remodeling of the atherosclerotic plaque and fibrous cap.

Pathway placement

Cascade stepPlaque inflammation

Confidencemedium

RationaleTGF-β signaling modulates fibrosis and ECM stability; CAD risk mediator.

Also acts inCap degradation / rupture

Druggability

Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).

Assay & specimen

Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.

Specimen

Serum or plasma

Collection tube

Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)

Method / principle

Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists

Reagent / substrate

Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)

Platform

ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)

Turnaround · availability

Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)