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Superoxide anion
Pathway / Plaque inflammation

Superoxide anion

metabolite

Superoxide anion inactivates nitric oxide, impairing endothelial vasodilation and promoting inflammation and plaque destabilization.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepPlaque inflammation
Confidencemedium
RationaleOxidative stress mediator; NO inactivation promotes endothelial dysfunction.
Also acts inEndothelial activation/erosion
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresShared / rises in both
R — rupture / Type-I
67
C — confounder / Type-II
67
A — assay feasibility
42
E — evidence strength
56
T1DI (composite)
12
Specificity differential (R−C)0
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 2
2anemia / acute blood lossmag 2
3hypovolemia / dehydrationn/a
4tachyarrhythmiamag 2
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuren/a
6hypertensive emergencymag 2
7high-demand / peri-operative stressmag 2
Coverage: 5/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 12 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum, plasma or urine
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · Lithium heparin (green-top) · Sterile urine container
Method / principle
LC-MS/MS (targeted metabolomics) or enzymatic colorimetric where available
Reagent / substrate
Stable-isotope-labeled internal standard (MS); or enzyme-coupled Trinder reagent
Platform
LC-MS/MS; some automated chemistry
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Specialized / research

Literature evidence(1)