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Superoxide dismutase
Pathway / Plaque inflammation

Superoxide dismutase

protein

SOD catalyzes superoxide dismutation; reduced activity or expression reflects failed antioxidant defense in atherosclerotic inflammation and endothelial injury.

Pathway placement
Cascade stepPlaque inflammation
Confidencemedium
RationaleAntioxidant enzyme; altered activity reflects oxidative stress in inflamed plaque and dysfunctional endothelium.
Also acts inEndothelial activation/erosion
Druggability
Not assessed (no mapped human gene target).

Type I vs Type II discrimination

ScoresType-II-associated
R — rupture / Type-I
—
C — confounder / Type-II
53
A — assay feasibility
68
E — evidence strength
35
T1DI (composite)
7
Specificity differential (R−C)-38.3
Confounder panel (Type-II drivers)
1sepsis / systemic inflammationmag 2
2anemia / acute blood lossn/a
3hypovolemia / dehydrationmag 1
4tachyarrhythmiamag 1
5hypoxemia / respiratory failuremag 2
6hypertensive emergencymag 2
7high-demand / peri-operative stressn/a
Coverage: 5/7 confounders with evidence
Tier: deep-scored (abstract-extracted) · 9 supporting references. See the discrimination table for all markers.

Assay & specimen

Class-level default (no specific cleared assay)— generic method inferred from analyte class; confirm against a specific product insert before use.
Specimen
Serum or plasma
Collection tube
Serum separator (gold/red-top, SST) · K2/K3-EDTA (lavender-top)
Method / principle
Sandwich immunoassay (ELISA) — research-grade unless a cleared assay exists
Reagent / substrate
Matched anti-target antibody pair (capture + labeled detection)
Platform
ELISA microplate or multiplex (Luminex/MSD)
Turnaround · availability
Send-out / research · Research-grade (no universal clinical assay)

Literature evidence(3)